python

Pure Rust Python Bindings for File Type Detection

pure-magic-rs is a Python module that provides bindings to the pure-magic crate, allowing you to detect file types, MIME types, and other metadata using a pure Rust alternative to the C libmagic library. This module uses an embedded magic database, so everything works out-of-the-box with no need of a compiled database or magic rule files.

Features

• Pure Rust implementation: No C dependencies, easily cross-compilable for great compatibility
• Embedded magic database: No database file or magic rules needed
• Detect file types from buffers or files
• Retrieve MIME types, creator codes, and file extensions
• Convert results to Python dictionaries for easy integration
• Supports both "first match", "best match" and "all matches" detection strategies

Installation

pip install pure-magic-rs

Usage

Initializing the Database

from pure_magic_rs import MagicDb
# Initialize the Magic database (uses embedded database)
db = MagicDb()

Detecting File Types from Buffers

# Detect the first match for a buffer (e.g., PNG data)
png_data = b'\x89PNG\r\n\x1a\n\x00\x00\x00\rIHDR\x00\x00\x00\x01\x00\x00\x00\x01\x08\x02\x00\x00\x00\x90wS\xde\x00'
result = db.first_magic_buffer(png_data, None)
print(f"Detected: {result.message} (MIME: {result.mime_type})")

# Detect the best match for a buffer
result = db.best_magic_buffer(png_data, None)
print(f"Best match: {result.message}")

# Get all possible matches for a buffer
results = db.all_magics_buffer(png_data)
for r in results:
    print(f"Match: {r.message}, MIME: {r.mime_type}, Strength: {r.strength}")

Detecting File Types from Files

# Detect the first match for a file
result = db.first_magic_file("example.png")
print(f"File type: {result.message}, Extensions: {result.extensions}")

# Detect the best match for a file
result = db.best_magic_file("example.png")
print(f"Best match: {result.message}")

# Get all possible matches for a file
results = db.all_magics_file("example.png")
for r in results:
    print(f"Match: {r.message}, MIME: {r.mime_type}")

Converting Results to Dictionaries

result = db.first_magic_buffer(png_data, None)
result_dict = result.to_dict()
print(result_dict)
# Output: {'source': None, 'message': 'PNG image data', 'mime_type': 'image/png', ...}

Handling Errors

try:
    result = db.first_magic_file("nonexistent_file.txt")
except IOError as e:
    print(f"Error opening file: {e}")

License

This project is dual-licensed under either:

• GPL-3.0
• BSD-2-Clause